Colors
Demonstrates the available Color
options. These can be used in any style field.
git clone https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui.git --branch latestcd ratatuicargo run --example=colors --features=crossterm
//! # [Ratatui] Colors example//!//! The latest version of this example is available in the [examples] folder in the repository.//!//! Please note that the examples are designed to be run against the `main` branch of the Github//! repository. This means that you may not be able to compile with the latest release version on//! crates.io, or the one that you have installed locally.//!//! See the [examples readme] for more information on finding examples that match the version of the//! library you are using.//!//! [Ratatui]: https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui//! [examples]: https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/blob/main/examples//! [examples readme]: https://github.com/ratatui-org/ratatui/blob/main/examples/README.md
// This example shows all the colors supported by ratatui. It will render a grid of foreground// and background colors with their names and indexes.
use std::{ error::Error, io::{self, Stdout}, result, time::Duration,};
use itertools::Itertools;use ratatui::{ crossterm::{ event::{self, Event, KeyCode}, execute, terminal::{disable_raw_mode, enable_raw_mode, EnterAlternateScreen, LeaveAlternateScreen}, }, prelude::*, widgets::{Block, Borders, Paragraph},};
type Result<T> = result::Result<T, Box<dyn Error>>;
fn main() -> Result<()> { let mut terminal = setup_terminal()?; let res = run_app(&mut terminal); restore_terminal(terminal)?; if let Err(err) = res { eprintln!("{err:?}"); } Ok(())}
fn run_app<B: Backend>(terminal: &mut Terminal<B>) -> io::Result<()> { loop { terminal.draw(ui)?;
if event::poll(Duration::from_millis(250))? { if let Event::Key(key) = event::read()? { if key.code == KeyCode::Char('q') { return Ok(()); } } } }}
fn ui(frame: &mut Frame) { let layout = Layout::vertical([ Constraint::Length(30), Constraint::Length(17), Constraint::Length(2), ]) .split(frame.size());
render_named_colors(frame, layout[0]); render_indexed_colors(frame, layout[1]); render_indexed_grayscale(frame, layout[2]);}
const NAMED_COLORS: [Color; 16] = [ Color::Black, Color::Red, Color::Green, Color::Yellow, Color::Blue, Color::Magenta, Color::Cyan, Color::Gray, Color::DarkGray, Color::LightRed, Color::LightGreen, Color::LightYellow, Color::LightBlue, Color::LightMagenta, Color::LightCyan, Color::White,];
fn render_named_colors(frame: &mut Frame, area: Rect) { let layout = Layout::vertical([Constraint::Length(3); 10]).split(area);
render_fg_named_colors(frame, Color::Reset, layout[0]); render_fg_named_colors(frame, Color::Black, layout[1]); render_fg_named_colors(frame, Color::DarkGray, layout[2]); render_fg_named_colors(frame, Color::Gray, layout[3]); render_fg_named_colors(frame, Color::White, layout[4]);
render_bg_named_colors(frame, Color::Reset, layout[5]); render_bg_named_colors(frame, Color::Black, layout[6]); render_bg_named_colors(frame, Color::DarkGray, layout[7]); render_bg_named_colors(frame, Color::Gray, layout[8]); render_bg_named_colors(frame, Color::White, layout[9]);}
fn render_fg_named_colors(frame: &mut Frame, bg: Color, area: Rect) { let block = title_block(format!("Foreground colors on {bg} background")); let inner = block.inner(area); frame.render_widget(block, area);
let layout = Layout::vertical([Constraint::Length(1); 2]) .split(inner) .iter() .flat_map(|area| { Layout::horizontal([Constraint::Ratio(1, 8); 8]) .split(*area) .to_vec() }) .collect_vec(); for (i, &fg) in NAMED_COLORS.iter().enumerate() { let color_name = fg.to_string(); let paragraph = Paragraph::new(color_name).fg(fg).bg(bg); frame.render_widget(paragraph, layout[i]); }}
fn render_bg_named_colors(frame: &mut Frame, fg: Color, area: Rect) { let block = title_block(format!("Background colors with {fg} foreground")); let inner = block.inner(area); frame.render_widget(block, area);
let layout = Layout::vertical([Constraint::Length(1); 2]) .split(inner) .iter() .flat_map(|area| { Layout::horizontal([Constraint::Ratio(1, 8); 8]) .split(*area) .to_vec() }) .collect_vec(); for (i, &bg) in NAMED_COLORS.iter().enumerate() { let color_name = bg.to_string(); let paragraph = Paragraph::new(color_name).fg(fg).bg(bg); frame.render_widget(paragraph, layout[i]); }}
fn render_indexed_colors(frame: &mut Frame, area: Rect) { let block = title_block("Indexed colors".into()); let inner = block.inner(area); frame.render_widget(block, area);
let layout = Layout::vertical([ Constraint::Length(1), // 0 - 15 Constraint::Length(1), // blank Constraint::Min(6), // 16 - 123 Constraint::Length(1), // blank Constraint::Min(6), // 124 - 231 Constraint::Length(1), // blank ]) .split(inner);
// 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 let color_layout = Layout::horizontal([Constraint::Length(5); 16]).split(layout[0]); for i in 0..16 { let color = Color::Indexed(i); let color_index = format!("{i:0>2}"); let bg = if i < 1 { Color::DarkGray } else { Color::Black }; let paragraph = Paragraph::new(Line::from(vec![ color_index.fg(color).bg(bg), "██".bg(color).fg(color), ])); frame.render_widget(paragraph, color_layout[i as usize]); }
// 16 17 18 19 20 21 52 53 54 55 56 57 88 89 90 91 92 93 // 22 23 24 25 26 27 58 59 60 61 62 63 94 95 96 97 98 99 // 28 29 30 31 32 33 64 65 66 67 68 69 100 101 102 103 104 105 // 34 35 36 37 38 39 70 71 72 73 74 75 106 107 108 109 110 111 // 40 41 42 43 44 45 76 77 78 79 80 81 112 113 114 115 116 117 // 46 47 48 49 50 51 82 83 84 85 86 87 118 119 120 121 122 123 // // 124 125 126 127 128 129 160 161 162 163 164 165 196 197 198 199 200 201 // 130 131 132 133 134 135 166 167 168 169 170 171 202 203 204 205 206 207 // 136 137 138 139 140 141 172 173 174 175 176 177 208 209 210 211 212 213 // 142 143 144 145 146 147 178 179 180 181 182 183 214 215 216 217 218 219 // 148 149 150 151 152 153 184 185 186 187 188 189 220 221 222 223 224 225 // 154 155 156 157 158 159 190 191 192 193 194 195 226 227 228 229 230 231
// the above looks complex but it's so the colors are grouped into blocks that display nicely let index_layout = [layout[2], layout[4]] .iter() // two rows of 3 columns .flat_map(|area| { Layout::horizontal([Constraint::Length(27); 3]) .split(*area) .to_vec() }) // each with 6 rows .flat_map(|area| { Layout::vertical([Constraint::Length(1); 6]) .split(area) .to_vec() }) // each with 6 columns .flat_map(|area| { Layout::horizontal([Constraint::Min(4); 6]) .split(area) .to_vec() }) .collect_vec();
for i in 16..=231 { let color = Color::Indexed(i); let color_index = format!("{i:0>3}"); let paragraph = Paragraph::new(Line::from(vec![ color_index.fg(color).bg(Color::Reset), ".".bg(color).fg(color), // There's a bug in VHS that seems to bleed backgrounds into the next // character. This is a workaround to make the bug less obvious. "███".reversed(), ])); frame.render_widget(paragraph, index_layout[i as usize - 16]); }}
fn title_block(title: String) -> Block<'static> { Block::new() .borders(Borders::TOP) .title_alignment(Alignment::Center) .border_style(Style::new().dark_gray()) .title_style(Style::new().reset()) .title(title)}
fn render_indexed_grayscale(frame: &mut Frame, area: Rect) { let layout = Layout::vertical([ Constraint::Length(1), // 232 - 243 Constraint::Length(1), // 244 - 255 ]) .split(area) .iter() .flat_map(|area| { Layout::horizontal([Constraint::Length(6); 12]) .split(*area) .to_vec() }) .collect_vec();
for i in 232..=255 { let color = Color::Indexed(i); let color_index = format!("{i:0>3}"); // make the dark colors easier to read let bg = if i < 244 { Color::Gray } else { Color::Black }; let paragraph = Paragraph::new(Line::from(vec![ color_index.fg(color).bg(bg), "██".bg(color).fg(color), // There's a bug in VHS that seems to bleed backgrounds into the next // character. This is a workaround to make the bug less obvious. "███████".reversed(), ])); frame.render_widget(paragraph, layout[i as usize - 232]); }}
fn setup_terminal() -> Result<Terminal<CrosstermBackend<Stdout>>> { enable_raw_mode()?; let mut stdout = io::stdout(); execute!(stdout, EnterAlternateScreen)?; let backend = CrosstermBackend::new(stdout); let mut terminal = Terminal::new(backend)?; terminal.hide_cursor()?; Ok(terminal)}
fn restore_terminal(mut terminal: Terminal<CrosstermBackend<Stdout>>) -> Result<()> { disable_raw_mode()?; execute!(terminal.backend_mut(), LeaveAlternateScreen)?; terminal.show_cursor()?; Ok(())}